Prelims 2024

Q. Consider the following:
1. Pyroclastic debris
2. Ash and dust
3. Nitrogen compounds
4. Sulphur compounds

How many of the above are products of volcanic eruptions?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
Correct answer: (d) All four

Question from UPSC Prelims 2024 GS Paper

Explanation:

1. Pyroclastic debris: This is indeed a product of volcanic eruptions. Pyroclastic debris consists of rock fragments and hot gases ejected from a volcano during an explosive eruption.

2. Ash and dust: These are also products of volcanic eruptions. Volcanic ash is composed of fine particles of pulverized rock, minerals, and volcanic glass created during eruptions.

3. Nitrogen compounds: While volcanoes do emit some nitrogen compounds, primarily in the form of ammonia (NH3), they are not considered a major source of nitrogen emissions compared to other volcanic products.

4. Sulphur compounds: Volcanoes are significant sources of sulphur compounds, particularly sulphur dioxide (SO2). These emissions can have substantial impacts on climate and air quality.

Therefore, the correct answer is: (d) All four

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